What does animal mean?
An animal is any member of the biological kingdom Animalia — a multicellular organism that feeds on organic material, has specialized sensory organs, and can move and respond to its surroundings. In ordinary usage the word most often refers to creatures other than humans: pets, wildlife, livestock, and the vast diversity of species studied by zoologists. The term also carries strong figurative weight. To call someone 'an animal' may suggest raw instinct, physical dominance, or uncivilized behavior, though in sports commentary it often signals admiration for relentless energy. The word derives from the Latin 'animalis', rooted in 'anima' (breath or soul), reflecting the ancient belief that what set living beings apart was the presence of life-giving breath. Related terms such as 'animate' and 'animosity' share this lineage. From children's picture books to conservation debates about animal welfare and rights, the concept sits at the heart of how humans understand their relationship with the rest of the natural world.
A living organism belonging to the kingdom Animalia, characterized by feeding on organic matter, possessing specialized sense organs, and capable of voluntary movement.
"Every animal in the sanctuary was rescued from neglect."
In biology, humans are included among animals; in casual speech, 'animal' typically excludes people.
(Figurative) A person who behaves in a rough, instinctive, or uncivilized manner, or someone displaying intense energy or aggression.
"On the rugby field he turns into a completely different animal."
Standard pluralization applies; 'animals' is used both literally (for multiple organisms) and figuratively.
"The reserve protects thousands of animals across dozens of species."
The word 'animal' comes from the Latin 'anima', meaning breath or soul — the very thing ancient thinkers believed separated living creatures from inanimate matter.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Etymology of animal
The English word 'animal' comes directly from Latin 'animalis', meaning 'having breath or soul', derived from 'anima' — the vital principle or breath of life in Roman thought. It entered English in the late Middle Ages, initially used in philosophical contexts before becoming the standard biological term. Cognates such as 'animate', 'animation', and 'animus' preserve the same Latin root, all tied to the idea of life force or spirit.
How animal is actually used
In everyday speech, 'animal' usually means a non-human creature; biologists use it in the broader sense covering all Animalia. The figurative use ('he's an animal on the court') can be admiring or derogatory depending on context.
Easily confused with animal
A mammal is a specific class of warm-blooded animal that nurses its young with milk, whereas 'animal' refers broadly to all members of the animal kingdom.