What does hispid mean?
Hispid is an adjective meaning covered with stiff hairs or bristles, and by extension rough or shaggy in texture. Its most characteristic use is botanical and zoological: a hispid stem, leaf, or body surface bears a conspicuous covering of bristly hairs. Because “hispid” specifies the texture rather than merely saying that something is hairy, it suggests a sharper, more tactile impression—small, rigid projections rather than soft fur. The word is formal and technical, but it can be used figuratively for any surface that feels coarse, resistant, or prickly. In ordinary conversation, “rough,” “bristly,” or “hairy” will usually be clearer. Hispid nevertheless rewards precise description, especially in natural-history writing, where such details help distinguish one plant or animal from another. It is also a useful reminder that English retains a number of learned Latin adjectives for textures that general words describe less exactly.
adjectiveCovered with stiff hairs or bristles; rough or shaggy in texture.
- Covered with stiff hairs or bristles.
- Rough or shaggy in texture, especially as a surface characteristic.
"The botanist noted the plant's hispid stem, its surface bristling with fine hairs."
"The botanist noted the plant's hispid stem, its surface bristling with fine hairs."
"The caterpillar's hispid body was covered in short, rigid bristles."
In botany, a hispid plant wears a suit of tiny armor: stiff hairs bristling from every surface.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Etymology of hispid
The word hispid comes from Latin hispidus, an adjective meaning “rough, shaggy, or covered with stiff hairs.” It entered English in the early 17th century, especially in descriptions of natural objects with conspicuously bristly surfaces. Forms in several Romance languages, including French hispide, Spanish and Portuguese hispido, and Italian ispido, continue the same Latin tradition.
Related word forms
How hispid is actually used
Chiefly formal and technical, especially in botany, zoology, and natural-history description. It is more precise than the general word “hairy,” since it suggests short, stiff hairs rather than soft or diffuse hair.