What does holly mean?
Holly is an evergreen shrub or small tree, particularly the European holly, recognized by its leathery, frequently spiny leaves and bright red berries. The plant is closely associated with Christmas because its branches and leaves have traditionally been used in wreaths, garlands, and other festive decorations. In ordinary use, 'holly' can refer both to the plant itself and to cut branches used as decoration. The word also appears figuratively in descriptions of a sharp or prickly character, though that use is less common today. Although holly is best known in seasonal and cultural contexts, it is also a familiar garden and woodland plant, valued for its evergreen foliage, distinctive berries, and long-standing symbolism.
nounAn evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Ilex, especially the European holly, with glossy, often spiny leaves and red berries. The name is also associated with the traditional Christmas decoration made from its branches and leaves.
- The holly shrub or small evergreen tree, especially Ilex aquifolium, with stiff, often spiny leaves and red berries.
- A name of historical and cultural significance, especially as a traditional Christmas symbol associated with evergreen leaves and red berries.
"A sprig of holly brightened the front door during the Christmas season."
"The garden wall was covered with holly, its red berries standing out against the dark green leaves."
"She placed a small piece of holly beside the candle on the Christmas table."
Used when referring to multiple holly plants, shrubs, or trees.
"Several hollies grew along the boundary of the garden."
Holly is one of the few plants that seems to carry Christmas with it: its evergreen leaves and bright red berries have long been used in festive wreaths and decorations.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does holly come from?
The English word holly developed in Middle English from Old English holen, meaning the holly tree. The modern form reflects a later vowel development and a shift in the word's final consonant. The plant belongs to the genus Ilex and has relatives in several European languages, although the exact history of every proposed cognate is complex. Its association with Christmas developed in the Christian tradition, where evergreen foliage and red berries became symbols of enduring life and seasonal celebration.
How holly is actually used
The word is normally used in the singular for the plant or its material, and the plural 'hollies' is used when referring to multiple plants. In British English, the plant is also commonly associated with traditional Christmas decoration.
Easily confused with holly
Holly is an evergreen shrub or tree associated with Christmas, whereas a hollyhock is a tall flowering plant with large, showy blossoms.