What does initiative mean?
An initiative is the capacity or habit of acting before being told what to do, as well as a distinct plan or program designed to achieve a particular result. In the first sense, the word suggests independence, resourcefulness, and willingness to confront a problem; someone who takes the initiative may notice an opportunity and respond promptly. In the second sense, an initiative is a formal undertaking, such as a government initiative, a company’s training initiative, or a community project. The expression “on one’s own initiative” emphasizes action taken voluntarily, while “take the initiative” means to begin or lead the response to a situation. The word is common in professional, political, educational, and organizational contexts, and it can carry a mildly positive connotation because it implies purposeful action. It derives from Latin initium, meaning “beginning,” through the associated family of words connected with starting and initiating.
nounThe ability or willingness to act, especially in a new or difficult situation. It can also refer to a planned course of action or policy introduced by an individual or organization.
- The ability or willingness to begin action, particularly in response to a situation or challenge.
- A new plan, program, or course of action introduced by a person, group, or institution.
- The right or opportunity to introduce proposals or take action, especially within an organization or political system.
"She showed real initiative by finding a solution before anyone else had thought of one."
"The team showed initiative by redesigning the process when the original plan failed."
"The government announced a new initiative to support small businesses in rural communities."
The plural is used for separate plans, programs, or courses of action, as well as for multiple acts of taking the lead.
"The council approved several initiatives to improve public transportation."
Initiative comes from the same Latin root as “initial”: it is the quality of being willing to make the first move.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does initiative come from?
The word comes through Medieval Latin from Latin initiatīva, meaning “an undertaking,” ultimately derived from initiāre, “to begin,” and initium, “beginning.” The English noun appeared in the early 19th century in the sense of an undertaking or enterprise. It is related to initial, initiate, initiation, and other English words from the same Latin root.
Related word forms
How initiative is actually used
The word is generally neutral and useful in both formal and informal contexts. In business, government, and institutional settings, “initiative” often denotes a specific program or policy. In personal contexts, it usually emphasizes proactive behavior and resourcefulness.
Easily confused with initiative
An initiative is a course of action or plan, whereas an initiation is the process or act of beginning something, such as a ceremony or course.