What does ionize mean?
To ionize is to convert a neutral atom or molecule into an ion by giving it an electric charge, usually through the gain or loss of electrons. The resulting charged particles may be positive or negative, and they can behave differently from their neutral counterparts in solutions, gases, and electric fields. The word is especially common in chemistry and physics but also appears in discussions of radiation, electricity, air purification, and medical technology. For example, intense radiation can ionize the air around it, producing charged particles that carry electrical current. Ionization can also occur naturally when a gas is heated to a sufficiently high temperature. The term is useful because it names the specific process of creating charged particles, rather than merely describing the presence of electric charge. Its British spelling is “ionise,” whereas the US spelling is “ionize.”
verbTo convert a neutral atom or molecule into an ion, especially by giving it an electric charge. It can also mean to become ionized.
- To convert a neutral atom or molecule into an ion, or to become an ion.
"The intense radiation can ionize the surrounding air and create a burst of electrical current."
"The laser pulse is powerful enough to ionize molecules in the sample."
"At very high temperatures, the surrounding gas begins to ionize."
To ionize something is to give its atoms or molecules a charge, often by knocking an electron loose.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does ionize come from?
The English word “ionize” was formed from “ion” and the suffix “-ize,” meaning “to make into” or “to cause to become.” “Ion” comes through Latin from the Greek neuter form ion, meaning “going,” ultimately related to ienai, “to go.” Related English words include “ionic,” “cation,” “anion,” and “ionosphere,” reflecting the same scientific tradition.
Related word forms
How ionize is actually used
This is primarily a technical scientific term, especially common in physics, chemistry, medicine, and radiation-related contexts. British English usually spells it “ionise,” while US English generally uses “ionize.”