What does latter mean?
“Latter” is a formal word for the second, later, or final member of a pair. In the common construction “the former ... the latter,” it allows a writer to distinguish two people, things, or possibilities without repeating their names. It can also refer to the later part of a period, as in “the latter half of the century,” or function as a pronoun after the article has already been used. Although “latter” is more common in formal writing than in everyday speech, it remains useful when clarity requires identifying the second of two items. The word should not be confused with “later,” which primarily describes something occurring after a particular time, though the two are historically related.
Denoting the second, later, or final of two people or things mentioned.
"The latter option is more affordable."
Normally used with “the,” and commonly paired with “the former.”
Referring to the second, later, or final of two people or things previously mentioned.
"Both accounts are plausible, but the latter has stronger evidence."
Usually follows “the,” though it may stand alone when the reference is clear.
At or toward a later time; later.
"The latter part of the journey was the most peaceful."
This use is rare and chiefly literary or archaic; “later” is the usual modern adverb.
When you need to distinguish between two things without repeating either, “the former” points back and “the latter” points forward.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does latter come from?
The word comes through Middle English from an older form of “later,” in the sense of later or more advanced. Its modern use in the paired expression “the former ... the latter” developed in early modern English. The word is related to the Latin comparative “lātius,” meaning more widely or farther, from which English “later” also ultimately derives.
How latter is actually used
It is usually used with the definite article: “the latter.” When two people or things are being compared, “the former” and “the latter” form a standard contrast. The adverbial use is uncommon and largely archaic.
Easily confused with latter
“Latter” identifies the second of two already mentioned items, whereas “later” refers to a time after another time or event.
“Former” identifies the first of two already mentioned people or things, while “latter” identifies the second.