What does lexicalisation mean?
Lexicalisation is the process through which a word, phrase, or expression becomes part of a language's established vocabulary. The expression may gain a recognisable meaning, a stable grammatical role, and a place within a particular field, even if it began as a combination of existing words. Lexicalisation can also describe the development of specialised vocabularies, such as those used in medicine, law, or technology. The word is especially common in linguistics, lexicography, and research on language change. It is not simply another name for invention: a newly coined expression becomes lexicalised when speakers generally recognise it and use it in a conventional way. The term is also relevant when studying how informal language, specialised terminology, and branded expressions move into wider circulation.
The process by which a word, phrase, or expression becomes established as a distinct element of a language's vocabulary with a conventional meaning and function.
"The lexicalisation of the expression “social distancing” was rapid during the COVID-19 pandemic."
The process by which a body of specialised terms develops within a field or community.
"The lexicalisation of medical terminology has been accelerated by international medical research."
This broader use is common in descriptions of specialist, technical, or institutional language.
Used when referring to separate instances of the process, as in studies comparing lexicalisations in different fields.
"The article compares lexicalisations of the same term across several professional communities."
Lexicalisation is how a novel expression graduates from a loose phrase into a named word with a settled place in the vocabulary.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Etymology of lexicalisation
The noun was formed in English by adding the suffix -ation to the verb lexicalise, which in turn combines lexical with the suffix -ise. Lexical ultimately comes through Latin from Greek lexikos, meaning “of words,” and lexis, “word” or “speech.” Related English words include lexicon, lexicography, and lexical, all of which share this vocabulary-related origin.
Related word forms
How lexicalisation is actually used
The term is used mainly in linguistics and related fields. The British spelling is lexicalisation, while lexicalization is standard in American English.