What does monogenic mean?
Monogenic is an adjective used in genetics to describe a characteristic, condition, or form of inheritance that is determined primarily by one gene. A monogenic disorder typically results from a mutation in a particular gene, and it may follow a predictable inheritance pattern. The word contrasts with polygenic, which describes traits influenced by several genes, and with multifactorial, which may involve both genetic and environmental influences. Monogenic conditions include many inherited disorders, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell disease, although the term is broad and does not itself indicate severity, frequency, or treatability. It is mainly used in medicine, biology, genetics, and related scientific discussion.
adjectiveRelating to or controlled by a single gene. In genetics, the term describes a trait, disorder, or pattern of inheritance that is primarily determined by one gene.
- Relating to a trait or disorder determined primarily by a single gene.
"Cystic fibrosis is a monogenic disorder caused by mutations in a single gene."
"The researchers identified a monogenic cause for the rare neurological condition."
"Most monogenic diseases follow a predictable inheritance pattern within a family."
If one gene holds the deciding power, the condition is monogenic; when many genes share the work, it is polygenic.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does monogenic come from?
Monogenic was formed within the scientific vocabulary of genetics by combining the Greek-derived prefix mono-, meaning “one,” with genic, relating to genes or heredity. Its development follows the broader use of genetic terminology to classify biological traits according to the number and pattern of genes involved.
Related word forms
How monogenic is actually used
This is a technical genetics term and is usually used with traits, disorders, diseases, or patterns of inheritance.