What does neutron mean?
A neutron is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It has no net electric charge and is very slightly more massive than a proton, which gives it an important role in nuclear stability. Protons repel one another because of their positive charges, while neutrons contribute attractive nuclear force without adding electrical repulsion. The particle was identified experimentally in 1932 by the British physicist James Chadwick. Neutrons also occur outside atomic nuclei and are central to processes such as nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, and neutron capture. In astronomy, they make up much of the matter in extremely dense neutron stars. The word is principally used in scientific and technical contexts, but compounds such as neutron bomb and neutron detector have also entered general discussion. Understanding neutrons helps explain why different elements have different atomic structures and why nuclear reactions can release or absorb energy.
nounA neutral, electrically uncharged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom and having a mass slightly greater than that of a proton.
- An electrically neutral subatomic particle found in atomic nuclei and produced in nuclear reactions.
"The nucleus of a helium atom contains two protons and two neutrons."
"Free neutrons can be absorbed by a nucleus during neutron capture."
"The detector records each neutron as it enters the experimental chamber."
A standard countable plural used when referring to multiple individual particles or populations of particles.
"The reaction produces fast neutrons that can be detected by the surrounding material."
A neutron has no electric charge, yet it can occupy a neutron star denser than an atomic nucleus.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does neutron come from?
The word neutron was coined in the early 20th century from Latin neuter, meaning “neither” or “neutral,” combined with the suffix -on, following the naming pattern of electron and proton. The name reflects the particle's lack of electric charge. Its Latin ancestry is shared by neuter, neutral, neutrality, and neutrino, although these words developed through distinct English and Romance formations.
How neutron is actually used
This is primarily a technical term used in nuclear and particle physics. As a count noun, it refers to individual particles or to populations of particles.
Easily confused with neutron
A neutron is a subatomic particle, whereas a neuron is a cell that carries nerve impulses.