What does ontological mean?
Ontological is an adjective describing questions and arguments concerned with the nature of existence, being, and reality. In philosophy, it can refer to the basic features of what exists, such as identity, causation, time, and possibility, rather than to how the world is observed through empirical research. The term is especially associated with metaphysics and with debates over whether abstract objects, such as numbers or universal concepts, possess an independent existence. In theology, ontological reasoning may concern the nature of God. Because the adjective is academically specialized, it is most often used in formal discussions rather than ordinary conversation. Even so, it remains a useful word for distinguishing foundational questions about reality from practical, observational, or historical questions.
adjectiveRelating to the nature of existence or the fundamental nature of reality, especially as a subject of philosophical inquiry.
- Relating to the nature of being, existence, or reality, especially in philosophy.
"The debate shifts from a scientific question to an ontological one about what it means for the object to exist."
"Her research examines the ontological status of mathematical objects."
"The novel explores the ontological difference between appearance and reality."
Ontological asks the deepest question of all: what does it mean for something to exist?
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does ontological come from?
Ontological derives from ontology, which comes from the Greek on, meaning “being” or “existence,” combined with -logia, meaning “the study of.” The adjective developed within philosophical usage to describe matters relating to the ontology of a being or to the study of being itself. It is closely related to ontic, a term concerning what exists or the conditions of existence, and to philosophical terms such as metaphysics.
Related word forms
How ontological is actually used
A formal, specialized term used primarily in philosophy, theology, and related academic discussion. It is less common in everyday speech, where metaphysical may be used more broadly.
Easily confused with ontological
Ontological concerns the nature of existence and reality, whereas theological concerns the nature of God and religious belief.
Ontological is a philosophical term concerning existence and reality, while biological relates to living organisms and their processes.