What does parameter mean?
A parameter is a value, condition, or factor that helps determine how something behaves or what it produces. In mathematics, parameters may be fixed values in an expression or quantities that can be varied to study a family of solutions. In computing, parameters specify how a program, function, or system should operate, such as a timeout, file path, or formatting option. Scientists also use the term for measurable quantities that characterize a model or experiment. In broader usage, a parameter can mean a circumstance that limits an activity or influences a decision. The word is therefore more specific than a general “option”: a parameter is ordinarily part of the framework or specification governing a process. Although commonly encountered in technical fields, it is fully established in general English and is often used figuratively when discussing the factors shaping a project, policy, or outcome.
A value, condition, or factor that defines, limits, or helps specify the operation or behavior of a system, model, function, or calculation.
"The maximum temperature is one of the parameters used by the cooling model."
The technical mathematical and computing senses dominate today, although the word is also used generally for a determining factor.
To determine or specify the parameters governing a system, model, program, or process.
"The software lets users parameterize each experiment without changing the underlying code."
Chiefly used in computing, mathematics, and scientific or statistical contexts; it is less common in everyday speech.
The regular plural is “parameters,” with the stress remaining on the second syllable.
"The model's parameters were adjusted to improve the fit to the observations."
Parameters are the dials a model gives you to turn before it produces an answer.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does parameter come from?
The word comes through French and Latin from Greek parámetron, a term associated with measuring and ultimately formed from para- and metron, meaning “measure.” It originally referred to a measure or standard used in determining dimensions. Its modern mathematical and scientific senses developed from this early idea of a quantity that helps specify or determine other values.
Related word forms
How parameter is actually used
The word is most common in mathematics, computing, science, and engineering, but it is also used in general contexts for a factor that influences an outcome. The verb form is chiefly associated with computing and statistical or scientific work.
Easily confused with parameter
A parameter helps determine or control a process or model, whereas a perimeter is the outer boundary of a shape or area.