What does physics mean?
Physics is the branch of science concerned with matter, energy, motion, force, and the physical interactions that shape the world. Its subjects range from subatomic particles and electromagnetic fields to planets, materials, and the human body. Scientists use observation, experimentation, mathematics, and computation to formulate and test explanations of how physical systems behave. In ordinary language, the word can also refer to the principles or mechanisms underlying a particular situation, as in "the physics of a project." This broader use may be strictly physical, as when discussing movement, heat, or structural stability, or figurative, when describing the forces and constraints that shape an outcome. Physics is closely associated with mathematics and astronomy, although it is a distinct discipline from both. It is also central to engineering, medicine, and technology. Understanding its basic concepts helps people interpret phenomena such as gravity, momentum, electricity, waves, and acceleration, making it both a practical field of study and a fundamental way of examining the natural world.
nounThe branch of natural science concerned with matter, energy, motion, force, and the interactions between physical objects and systems.
- The natural science that studies matter, energy, motion, force, and the physical properties and interactions of objects and systems.
- The physical principles, forces, or mechanisms governing a situation, process, or system.
"Through physics, researchers investigate why structures withstand stress and how particles interact."
"The team used physics to model how the bridge would flex under heavy loads."
"In negotiations, he had a poor understanding of the physics of the situation."
The standard plural is identical to the singular form. It is nevertheless treated as a singular noun, so it normally takes a singular verb: "Physics is changing rapidly."
"The physics of the new engine surprised even the experienced engineers."
The word physics conceals an ancient idea: its Greek root means nature, because physics began as an attempt to understand nature itself.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Etymology of physics
The English word dates from the early 17th century and comes through Latin physica from Greek physikē, a term associated with physikos, meaning "natural" or "of nature." The underlying Greek word physis means "nature," and the phrase "natural science" reflects the early connection between the discipline and the systematic study of nature. Its development as a distinct academic subject paralleled the increasing separation of physics from the broader study of nature and natural philosophy.
Related word forms
How physics is actually used
Physics is normally treated as a singular noun: "Physics is" is standard, while "physics are" is not. In expressions such as "the physics of," the word may refer more broadly to underlying physical mechanisms or, figuratively, to the practical dynamics of a situation.
Easily confused with physics
Physics is the scientific study of matter, energy, and motion, whereas physique refers to a person's bodily build and physical appearance.