What does physiological mean?
Physiological describes the functions and processes that keep the body and other living organisms operating. It is especially common in medicine, biology, psychology, and sports science, where researchers examine matters such as physiological responses, physiological effects, physiological functions, and physiological needs. The word is more precise than 'physical' when the focus is on how living systems work rather than on their structure. A physiological condition can involve a measurable change in body function, such as increased heart rate, hormonal activity, breathing, or metabolism. It may describe a normal response, such as the body's physiological response to exercise, or an alteration caused by illness, medication, heat, or another environmental factor. Anatomical, by contrast, concerns the structure of body parts, while psychological concerns the mind and emotions. Physiological is therefore especially useful when describing bodily mechanisms and their effects.
Relating to the normal functions and processes of the body and its organs.
"The treatment is intended to improve physiological function without damaging healthy tissue."
More technical and process-oriented than 'physical' or 'bodily'; frequently used in medical and scientific contexts.
Relating to the physiological processes or responses of living organisms.
"The species uses physiological adaptations to survive in cold environments."
Common in biology, ecology, and comparative physiology.
A physiological change can happen without a visible injury: heat, stress, and hormones can alter how the body works even when its structure remains intact.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does physiological come from?
The word comes through the English vocabulary of physiology and is ultimately associated with Greek roots meaning 'nature' and 'study of nature.' In its modern medical and scientific use, it developed into an adjective describing the functions and processes of living organisms. Its close relatives include physiology, physiologic, physiologist, and physiologically.
Related word forms
How physiological is actually used
The term is commonly used in medicine, biology, psychology, and sports science. It is usually more technical than general words such as 'bodily' or 'physical', and it focuses on processes and functioning rather than anatomy or structure.
Easily confused with physiological
Physiological refers to bodily functions and processes, whereas psychological refers to the mind and emotions.
Anatomical describes the structure of body parts, while physiological describes how those parts function.