What does politeness mean?
Politeness is the quality of behaving courteously and respectfully toward other people, especially through the use of polite words, manners, and actions. It is closely associated with courtesy and civility, but the word can also refer to the social conventions through which respect is expressed. For example, saying thank you, waiting patiently, or addressing someone formally may all be signs of politeness. In common use, politeness is generally viewed positively, although when it is exaggerated or insincere it can suggest artificiality or superficial respect. The term is widely used in both British and American English and is frequently discussed in connection with etiquette, manners, education, and intercultural communication. As a noun, it is normally uncountable, though rare plural forms are possible.
Courteous and respectful behaviour toward other people.
"She answered the question with politeness but without revealing her opinion."
Usually uncountable; commonly used to describe manners, speech, or social conduct.
A particular convention or habit used to show respect in social interaction.
"In some cultures, exchanging a small gift is considered a mark of politeness."
This sense is somewhat formal and often appears in discussions of etiquette or cultural conventions.
The rare plural politenesses exists, but politeness is normally used as an uncountable noun.
"The old-fashioned politenesses of formal introductions are rarely seen today."
The word comes from the same Latin idea behind 'polite': someone who was considered civilized, cultivated, or polished in their manners.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does politeness come from?
The noun comes through French politesse, which was derived from Latin politus, meaning “polished,” “refined,” or “cultivated.” Its development in English originally referred more broadly to refined or polished manners before becoming associated specifically with courteous and respectful behaviour. The adjective polite and the adverb politely belong to the same derivational family.
Related word forms
How politeness is actually used
Politeness is usually uncountable. It is often used to describe socially appropriate behaviour, and can sometimes suggest excessive or overly formal courtesy.
Easily confused with politeness
Politeness concerns respectful and courteous behaviour, whereas politics concerns government, public affairs, or the exercise of political power.