What does priesthood mean?
Priesthood means the office or profession of being a priest and, by extension, the collective body of people who serve as priests. In Christian usage, it may refer to the vocation of serving as a member of the clergy, often with implications of religious duty, ordination, or vows. The word can also describe priests as a social or religious group: an institution may be described as dominated by the priesthood or supported by members of the priesthood. It is more formal than the general word “priest” and is especially common in historical, institutional, and ecclesiastical contexts. Although the word is most strongly associated with Christianity, the broader concept of a priestly class appears in many religious traditions. Understanding the term helps distinguish the individual priest from the institution, status, or wider community represented by the priesthood.
The office, profession, or status of being a priest.
"He considered the priesthood as a possible vocation."
Often used in institutional, historical, or religious contexts.
Priests considered collectively as a group or institution.
"The church sought to reduce the influence of the priesthood in local affairs."
This collective sense is especially common in historical and political discussion.
Usually used when referring to clergy members individually or collectively. The singular “priesthood” more often denotes the office, profession, or institution.
"Several priests from the diocese attended the meeting."
“Priesthood” can name both an individual vocation and an entire community of religious leaders.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does priesthood come from?
The word was formed in Middle English by combining “priest” with the suffix “-hood,” which forms nouns indicating a state, condition, profession, or group. “Priest” ultimately comes through Old English “prēost” from Greek “presbyteros,” a comparative form of “presbyteros” meaning “elder,” with the Greek “presbyteros” later developing into ecclesiastical senses. Related English words include “presbyter,” “presbytery,” and “Presbyterian,” all reflecting the same Greek root.
Related word forms
How priesthood is actually used
The word is most often used in a Christian context, though related concepts exist in several other religions. It commonly carries a formal or historical tone.