What does pup mean?
A pup is a young dog, usually one that has recently been separated from its litter or is still very young. The word is also used for the young of some other mammals, particularly seals, and sometimes for an inexperienced or immature person. “Pup” is less specific than “puppy”: it can refer to a dog at any young stage, while “puppy” often suggests a very small dog and commonly carries a warmer, more affectionate tone. In everyday speech, calling someone “pup” may be playful and fond, but it can also imply that someone is inexperienced or immature. The term is recognized in both British and American English and is especially common in descriptions of domestic animals, wildlife, and family life.
A young dog, especially one less than a year old.
"The pup was sleeping beneath the table."
Commonly used in both British and American English.
The young of certain other animals, especially seals.
"Researchers found a seal pup resting on the beach."
This sense is most common in wildlife and maritime contexts.
An inexperienced or immature person, especially when addressed affectionately or disparagingly.
"Stop being such a pup and take responsibility for your own mistakes."
Informal and usually dependent on tone for whether it is fond or insulting.
The standard plural is “pups.”
"The shelter cared for six pups until they were ready for adoption."
A pup may be small, but the word has been part of English for centuries and can refer to much more than a young dog.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does pup come from?
The word “pup” comes from the older English form “puppe,” meaning a young dog or puppy, and is cognate with “puppy.” The precise origin of “puppe” is uncertain, although its use in English is documented for centuries. The related word “puppy” developed as a diminutive or affectionate form and became the more common modern term for a very young dog.
How pup is actually used
“Pup” is informal but longstanding. When referring to a person, it is usually affectionate, mildly teasing, or mildly disparaging rather than a neutral description.
Easily confused with pup
“Pup” is a general term for a young dog, whereas “puppy” often emphasizes a very young dog or an affectionate, informal description of one.