What does rebaptize mean?
Rebaptize means to baptize someone again, particularly when they are joining a different Christian denomination or are receiving baptism under a new name. The word can also be used figuratively to mean that someone has adopted a fresh identity, making it especially suitable for describing a decisive personal transformation. Its clearest use is in religious and historical writing, where distinctions between baptism, rebaptism, and conversion may be important. The prefix re- indicates repetition, while the word’s second-life associations make it memorable beyond its formal ecclesiastical sense. Although comparatively rare in everyday conversation, rebaptize is precise where a general term such as rename would not convey the religious significance of the second rite.
To baptize someone again, especially after a change of Christian denomination or religious belief.
"The minister invited former members to be rebaptized under the church’s new name."
The word is chiefly formal and religious, with additional historical relevance in accounts of Christian conflicts and changing denominations.
To assign someone a new name or identity, especially as a figurative form of spiritual or personal renewal.
"In her new community, she chose to rebaptize herself by adopting a different name."
This figurative sense is less common than the religious sense and normally carries a sense of complete transformation.
Rebaptize turns a one-time rite into a second beginning—and in figurative use, a complete new identity.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Etymology of rebaptize
Rebaptize combines the prefix re-, meaning “again,” with baptize. Baptize comes through late Latin from Greek baptizein, a form of baptismos, ultimately associated with baptō, “to wash” or “dip.” The prefixed form developed in English during the early modern period, when disputes over baptism and religious affiliation made repeated baptism a subject of sustained theological and political debate.
Related word forms
How rebaptize is actually used
This is a relatively uncommon and formal term, chiefly used in religious, historical, and figurative contexts. In figurative use, it suggests a thorough renewal of identity rather than merely making a minor correction.
Easily confused with rebaptize
Baptize names the initial or customary performance of the rite, whereas rebaptize explicitly means to perform it again or receive someone into the faith again.