What does role mean?
A role is the part, function, or position that a person or thing occupies in a larger activity. It may describe what an actor portrays on stage or screen, but it also applies to social and professional life: a leader has a particular role in an organization, while caution has a well-defined role in good decision-making. The word frequently implies expectations, responsibilities, or influence associated with that part. Related expressions include “leading role,” which indicates an important part, and “role model,” which identifies someone whose conduct provides an example for others to follow. The noun is far more common than the verb. As a verb, “role” means to act a part, usually in a dramatic performance, though it can also refer to playing a part figuratively. Overall, the word is useful whenever a broad function or assigned position needs to be identified rather than described merely as an occupation or title.
A function, position, or part assigned to a person, organization, or thing.
"The role of local volunteers was essential to the project's success."
The general sense is dominant today and is often used to discuss responsibilities, influence, or function within a larger system.
A character or part portrayed by an actor in a theatrical, film, or television production.
"Her portrayal of the central role earned widespread acclaim."
This theatrical and screen sense is established but less dominant than the general meaning of function or position.
To act or play a particular part in a production or performance.
"Several actors role the characters during the rehearsal."
This use is relatively uncommon and is most often associated with acting and theatre.
The plural refers to multiple functions, positions, characters, or parts assigned to people or things.
"The new regulations changed the roles of local governments and community organizations."
From the theatre to the boardroom, a role describes what someone is expected to do—and the influence that part can carry.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does role come from?
English borrowed the noun from French rôle in the 17th century, when it referred both to a theatrical part and to the written roll from which actors read their parts. The French word came from Old French material associated with a roll or scroll, ultimately reflecting Latin rotulus, a diminutive related to rota, “wheel.” The theatrical sense developed from the practice of preserving and reading dramatic parts on rolls. English also developed roll and roller through the same broader Latin and French lineage.
Related word forms
How role is actually used
In general use, the word often suggests a function or position rather than a job title. In theatre and film, it refers specifically to a character or part. The verb is much less common than the noun and is especially associated with acting.
Easily confused with role
A role is a part or function to be performed, whereas a roll is something that is rolled up or a small portion of food or bread.