What does smudge mean?
A smudge is a dirty, greasy, or blurred mark left on a surface. The word can also refer figuratively to a small blemish on someone's character, reputation, or record. As a verb, to smudge means to rub or spread dirt, grease, or ink so that something becomes marked and less clear; in figurative contexts, it can mean to obscure or make something less distinct. Smudge is used in both everyday and literary English, with the literal sense especially common for marks on paper, glass, or screens. Its figurative meanings carry a mild implication of damage or impairment rather than complete destruction. In a sentence, the word often presents a visible imperfection that contrasts with an otherwise clean or clear surface, much as a blot or stain interrupts a page.
A dirty, greasy, or blurred mark left on a surface; figuratively, a slight blemish on someone's character or reputation.
"A smudge of grease marked the edge of the page."
The figurative sense is less frequent but common in discussion of reputation, character, and records.
To rub or spread something so that it becomes dirty, blurred, or hard to see; figuratively, to make something less clear or distinct.
"The wet paper smudged the ink into the surrounding lines."
Figurative uses are often literary or metaphorical, especially with references to reputations, records, and distinctions.
The plural is used for individual marks or stains, especially on surfaces.
"Several smudges covered the window."
A smudge can be tiny on a page, but it may be large enough to obscure a whole reputation.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does smudge come from?
The English word smudge is of uncertain origin, though it is recorded from the early modern period. Its development is associated with the idea of making a surface dirty or indistinct. The word does not have a well-established modern cognate group that can be listed confidently, so its relationships to other languages are best treated cautiously.
Related word forms
How smudge is actually used
The noun is commonly used for marks on paper, glass, screens, or other surfaces. The figurative verb, meaning to obscure or discredit something, is somewhat literary but well established.
Easily confused with smudge
As a noun, a smudge is the visible mark left by dirt, grease, or rubbing; as a verb, it refers to making something dirty, blurred, or less clear.