What does spine mean?
A spine most commonly refers to the backbone, the flexible series of vertebrae that supports the human body and protects the spinal cord. The word also describes rigid or pointed projections, such as the thorns of a plant or the narrow crest of a mountain, and it can identify the central element that holds a larger organization or system together. In figurative use, a person's spine means courage, steadiness, or moral strength. As a verb, to spine means to face a difficult situation with determination; this usage is especially associated with informal American English. The word's range makes it useful for describing both physical structure and the central strength of people, institutions, or ideas. Its imagery is vivid: a spine gives a body posture and support, while a mountain's spine describes its long, defining ridge.
The vertebral column that supports the body and surrounds the spinal cord; by extension, a sharp projection, raised ridge, or central supporting element.
"A slight change in the alignment of the spine can affect how a person stands or moves."
In figurative contexts, the singular is often used to describe the principal support or source of strength in an organization or system.
To act with courage and determination in order to overcome difficulty or opposition.
"Rather than compromise, the committee decided to spine and demand an independent audit."
This verb is informal and chiefly used in American English.
The plural refers to multiple backbones, pointed projections, ridges, or central supporting elements.
"Sea urchins have numerous sharp spines that help protect them from predators."
A flexible tower of 33 vertebrae supports the body, shelters the spinal cord, and lets humans bend, twist, run, and swim.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does spine come from?
The word comes through Middle English from Old French espine, ultimately from Latin spina, meaning “thorn” or “backbone.” Latin spina developed both the sense of a sharp thorn and that of the vertebral column, because the latter is characterized by a series of pointed projections. Related forms include spinal, spiny, and spinule, all reflecting the same ancient root.
Related word forms
How spine is actually used
The noun senses are established in British and American English. The verb is chiefly American and informal, meaning to act resolutely; in British English it is much less common and may sound deliberately forceful.
Easily confused with spine
A spine is a vertebral column or a narrow, pointed projection, whereas a spline is a curved surface or connector that guides movement along a track.