What does supplement mean?
A supplement is an addition that makes something more complete, useful, or effective. As a noun, it may refer to supplementary material published with a book or article, an appendix containing extra information, or a preparation taken in addition to ordinary food or drink. As a verb, it means to add something that complements or strengthens what already exists. The word is especially common in academic and publishing contexts, as in a supplement to a report, and in health contexts, as in dietary supplements. Its neutral tone suggests a purposeful addition rather than a substitute for something more essential. In both forms, a supplement contributes to the completeness or effectiveness of an existing whole.
Something added to a main text, subject, or diet to make it more complete or provide an additional benefit.
"The online version includes a comprehensive supplement to the printed article."
In academic and publishing contexts, a supplement may be a separate section or issue accompanying the main publication. In health contexts, it usually denotes a product taken in addition to ordinary nutrition.
To add something to something else so as to make it more complete, effective, or useful.
"The coach supplemented the team's training with extra drills."
Often used in formal or professional contexts and implies that the addition serves to strengthen or complete what is already present.
The plural is used when referring to additional materials, products, or items that supplement something else.
"The researcher published two supplements with the main study."
A supplement can turn a good book into a better reference and a sensible diet into a more complete one.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does supplement come from?
The English word comes through Old French from Latin supplementum, a noun meaning “that which is added” or “an addition.” The underlying Latin verb supplere meant “to fill up” or “to complete.” The word was borrowed into English in the late 16th century for both the idea of additional material and the act of adding to or completing something.
Related word forms
How supplement is actually used
The noun commonly refers to additional material or a product taken in addition to something else. The verb is relatively formal and often implies making an existing thing more complete rather than merely adding an unrelated item.
Easily confused with supplement
A supplement adds to something, whereas a complement completes something by supplying a missing part or contrasting feature.