What does velleity mean?
A velleity is a wish, inclination, or impulse that is too slight or uncertain to produce meaningful action. The word is especially useful when describing an intention that exists only in theory: someone may have a velleity to travel, write, change careers, or join a cause without ever making a serious attempt to do so. Unlike desire or ambition, a velleity carries the implication of weakness, transience, or insufficient commitment. It is therefore often used in formal and literary contexts, sometimes with a mildly ironic tone, as in “a political velleity.” In everyday speech, “inclination,” “impulse,” or “whim” may be more natural, but velleity precisely captures the distinction between wanting something in a general sense and being prepared to act on that want.
nounA slight wish, inclination, or desire, especially one too weak to lead to action. It can also refer to a vague intention that is not seriously pursued.
- A slight wish, inclination, or desire, especially one too weak to lead to action.
"He had a velleity to learn the violin, but never carried it beyond a few lessons."
"She experienced a velleity to join the protest, but she never joined."
"The proposal was dismissed as a political velleity rather than a genuine commitment."
The plural is velleities, though plural use is uncommon because the word itself is rare.
"He acknowledged several passing velleities to change his routine."
The word gives a name to the wish that appears in the mind but never grows strong enough to become an action.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Etymology of velleity
English borrowed the word in the early 17th century from French velléité, which was based on Medieval Latin velleitas. Both forms derive from Latin velle, “to wish” or “to want,” the same root associated with words such as volition, voluntary, and volitive. The Latin root also reflects the distinction between a wish and the stronger will or choice expressed by voluntas.
How velleity is actually used
This is a formal, literary, and relatively rare word. It is often used with a slightly ironic or dismissive tone to characterize an intention that lacks force or commitment.
Easily confused with velleity
Velleity is a weak or fleeting inclination, whereas volition means the will or power to choose and act.
Velleity denotes a slight inclination or desire, while velocity refers to speed.