What does multiply mean?
“Multiply” means to increase the number, amount, or extent of something, often by a large factor. It is also the standard mathematical verb for calculating the product of two or more numbers: a value is multiplied by another value, often expressed with the phrase “multiplied by.” In biological contexts, it can describe reproduction, as when microorganisms multiply in a favorable environment. The word can suggest rapid or uncontrolled growth, especially when used figuratively: problems may multiply as a situation becomes more complicated. Its mathematical use is precise and widely understood across English-speaking regions, while everyday usage commonly carries the implication that something is becoming more numerous or more difficult to manage.
verbTo increase the number or amount of something, or to cause something to increase in number or amount. In mathematics, to calculate the product of two or more numbers or quantities.
- To increase a number or amount, or cause something to increase in number or amount.
- To calculate the product of two or more numbers or quantities.
- To reproduce, especially to produce offspring in large numbers.
"The new evidence multiplied the possibilities for researchers."
"The company’s profits multiplied after the advertising campaign."
"Multiply the length by the width to find the area of the rectangle."
"The bacteria multiply rapidly in warm conditions."
The word “multiply” entered English from Latin through French, originally carrying the sense of making something many or numerous.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does multiply come from?
“Multiply” comes from the Latin verb multiplicare, meaning “to make numerous” or “to increase in number.” The word is associated with the Latin root multus, meaning “many,” and developed through Old French before entering Middle English. Its mathematical sense developed alongside related English forms such as “multiple” and “multiplication,” all reflecting the idea of several parts or a quantity increased by repeated addition.
Related word forms
How multiply is actually used
“Multiply” is formal or neutral in general use. In mathematics, it is a standard technical term; in everyday contexts, it often suggests a rapid or substantial increase.
Easily confused with multiply
“Multiply” is a verb describing the action of increasing a quantity or calculating a product, whereas “multiple” is usually an adjective or noun meaning more than one or a number obtained by multiplication.