What does orbit mean?
An orbit is the curved route followed by an object as it travels around a star, planet, or other center. In astronomy, the word usually refers to the path of a satellite, spacecraft, or celestial body, with “Earth's orbit” and “lunar orbit” among its common expressions. The word can also describe a sphere of influence, power, or activity: a politician may be said to be “in the orbit” of a government minister. As a verb, “to orbit” means to move around a body in a curved path, but it can also mean to stay close to someone or something influential. The term is consequently both a precise scientific description and a useful metaphor for movement at the edge of a powerful centre. Its imagery is memorable because an orbiting body continues moving while remaining under the centre's gravitational pull.
The curved path of an object moving around a star, planet, or other body; also, a sphere of influence or activity.
"The probe entered orbit around Venus after a lengthy journey."
The general sense of influence or activity is often figurative, as in “within the orbit of power.”
To move in a curved path around a body or other center; figuratively, to remain close to or within someone's sphere of influence.
"The moon orbits Earth, while the smaller satellite orbits the moon."
The figurative use often implies a close association with a person, organization, or group.
The plural is used for distinct paths, trajectories, or spheres of influence.
"The planets occupy different orbits around the Sun."
An orbit turns gravity into a journey: falling continuously, yet never quite falling down.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Etymology of orbit
The noun comes from Latin orbit, meaning “a circular path,” derived from orbis, “circle” or “ring.” The verb developed from the related Latin orbitare, “to move in a circle around,” and entered English in the same broad period. The root also produced words such as orbital and orbicular, while the related Latin word orbis underlies the English orb. The astronomical sense developed from the general meaning of a circular path around a body.
Related word forms
How orbit is actually used
In astronomy, the term specifically denotes the curved trajectory of one body around another under gravitational influence. In general use, it can suggest an enclosed sphere of influence or activity and may be somewhat figurative or formal.
Easily confused with orbit
An orb is a spherical object, especially a globe or a celestial body, whereas an orbit is the path or trajectory followed around that body or another center.