What does periphrasing mean?
Periphrasing is the expression of an idea through roundabout wording rather than by using the most direct terms available. It can describe both the act of speaking indirectly and a particular indirect verbal expression. The word often carries a mildly critical connotation, suggesting that a speaker is avoiding a straightforward statement, adding unnecessary complexity, or concealing the point. In formal writing and public communication, however, periphrasing can serve a legitimate purpose when precision, tact, or sensitivity requires a more carefully qualified formulation. As a verb, periphrasing is the present participle of periphrase; as a noun, it refers to circumlocution or an instance of indirect expression. It belongs to a family of related forms including periphrase, paraphrasing, and periphrastic. The word is especially memorable because its Greek roots literally describe its meaning: speaking around something.
To express an idea or meaning in roundabout words instead of stating it directly.
"The spokesperson continued periphrasing the decision without giving a clear answer."
This is the present participle and gerund form of periphrase.
The act of expressing an idea in roundabout words, or a roundabout verbal expression.
"His long periphrasing of the problem delayed the discussion."
Usually uncountable, though plural forms occasionally occur.
The plural is uncommon; periphrasing is normally used as an uncountable noun.
"The committee's repeated periphrasings made the proposal harder to understand."
Periphrasing literally means “speaking around” a thought instead of naming it directly.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does periphrasing come from?
Periphrasing was formed in English from periphrase plus the suffix -ing. Periphrase came through French from Latin periphrasis, which derives from Greek periphrasein, “to speak around,” formed from the prefix peri-, meaning “around,” and phrasis, meaning “speech” or “expression.” The related English adjective periphrastic and noun periphrasis reflect the same classical source.
Related word forms
How periphrasing is actually used
As a verb, periphrasing is the present participle and gerund of periphrase. As a noun, it is less common than periphrase and is often used when describing unnecessarily indirect or evasive wording.
Easily confused with periphrasing
Paraphrasing restates an original passage, sometimes in different words and sometimes in similar wording; periphrasing more generally expresses a thought in roundabout or indirect language.