What does probiotic mean?
A probiotic is a living microorganism, usually a bacterium or yeast, that is consumed or administered for its potential beneficial effects, especially in the digestive system. Probiotics are commonly found in yogurt, fermented foods, drinks, and dietary supplements, and are often described as “friendly bacteria.” The term is also used attributively for products containing these microorganisms: a “probiotic capsule” or “probiotic drink.” Although probiotics have been studied for a wide range of health purposes, evidence for particular benefits can vary according to the strain, dose, product, and condition being treated. Consequently, the word is frequent in health and nutrition marketing, where broad claims are sometimes made more confidently than the scientific evidence supports. It should not be confused with a prebiotic, which is a non-digestible substance intended to nourish or stimulate microorganisms already present in the body.
A living microorganism, especially a bacterium or yeast, that is believed to provide a health benefit when consumed or administered.
"She added a probiotic to her daily routine."
Usually refers to a microorganism or culture marketed for its beneficial effects; the scientific evidence is strain-specific for many health claims.
Containing, consisting of, or involving beneficial microorganisms.
"The company developed a probiotic drink for the hotel's breakfast service."
Commonly used attributively before foods, drinks, supplements, cultures, or preparations.
The plural is commonly used for probiotic microorganisms or preparations, especially when referring to products or supplements collectively.
"The review compared the effects of several probiotics on digestive health."
Probiotics take their name from the Greek roots for “before” and “life,” reflecting their reputation for supporting life in the gut.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Etymology of probiotic
The word was formed in the early 20th century from the Greek-derived combining form pro-, meaning “before” or “in favor of,” and biotic, meaning “pertaining to life.” The term was initially associated with the idea of microorganisms that could prevent the undesirable effects of other microorganisms. It later became especially prominent in discussions of intestinal health and fermented foods, and its meaning expanded to include products containing such organisms.
Related word forms
How probiotic is actually used
The word is common in nutrition, health, and food marketing. Claims about specific health benefits should be evaluated carefully, since effects can depend on the microorganism, dose, product, and individual.
Easily confused with probiotic
A probiotic is a living microorganism, whereas a prebiotic is a non-digestible substance that is intended to stimulate beneficial microorganisms already present in the body.