What does sampling mean?
Sampling is the practice of taking a smaller portion from a larger population, collection, or body of material in order to examine or learn about it. In statistics, a sample may be selected through random or non-random methods, with the method and the quality of the selection affecting how confidently researchers can generalize from their findings. In sound and music, sampling means recording a fragment of audio and reusing it, often through changes in speed, pitch, duration, or layering. The word can also refer to taking a small amount of food or drink to assess it. Across these uses, sampling connects partial observation with broader knowledge, while the precise meaning depends on whether the focus is on selection, statistical inference, creative production, or practical inspection.
The process of selecting a smaller portion of a population, collection, or body of material for examination or study.
"Random sampling gave the researchers a more representative group."
In statistics, distinguish sampling from a census, which examines every member of a population.
To take a small portion of something for examination, or to use recorded sounds or other material within a larger work.
"The composer sampled recordings of birds and rain."
The audio-production sense is especially common in music and digital media; the culinary sense often implies tasting.
The plural is used for separate acts, instances, or sets of samples.
"The study included samplings from several different habitats."
Sampling is the bridge between studying a manageable piece and making responsible claims about the whole.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Where does sampling come from?
The word developed through Middle English, from Anglo-French sampier and sampler, associated with the Latin word exemplum, meaning “example” or “model.” The original sense was connected with tasting or trying a small portion before accepting or using the whole. Its modern statistical sense emerged later as methods for selecting representative portions of populations became established. Related English words include example, exemplar, exemplary, and exemplify, all reflecting the same Latin root.
Related word forms
How sampling is actually used
In statistics, sampling refers to selecting observations from a population so that conclusions can be drawn. In music and audio production, it has a more technical meaning involving the reuse or manipulation of recorded sound. The culinary sense is comparatively informal.