What does symbol mean?
A symbol is a recognizable sign that stands for something beyond itself. It may take the form of a letter, number, picture, gesture, emblem, object, or formal sign used in mathematics, chemistry, religion, and other systems. Symbols are especially important because they can communicate ideas quickly and powerfully: a dove may represent peace, a flag may represent a nation, and a cross may represent a religious belief. They can also identify groups or convey shared values, making them central to art, politics, culture, and everyday communication. In technical contexts, symbols provide a concise way to express quantities, operations, or relationships. The word is most often a noun, while the related verb “symbolize” describes the act of representing or embodying an idea.
A mark, image, object, character, or sign that represents something else, especially an idea, quality, identity, or value.
"The lotus is an important religious symbol in several cultures."
The word can also refer to a person or thing regarded as the embodiment of a quality or ideal.
To represent or embody a particular idea, quality, or meaning.
"The mural symbolizes the community's shared history."
The verb is commonly used with abstract concepts such as hope, freedom, identity, and tradition.
The regular plural is used for marks, signs, and representations.
"These ancient symbols represent ideas that are still discussed today."
A symbol can carry an entire idea in a single mark: a crown for monarchy, a cross for faith, or a red circle for prohibition.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Etymology of symbol
The word entered English through the Greek symbolon, meaning “a sign” or “token.” Greek symbolon itself was associated with the verb symbōlein, meaning “to throw together” or “to compare,” and could refer to a token exchanged between parties. Latin later adapted the word as symbolus, from which English borrowed it in the 16th century. The English forms symbolic, symbolism, symbolize, and symbology all continue this Greek and Latin etymological tradition.
Related word forms
How symbol is actually used
The word is especially common in discussions of religion, politics, culture, language, and mathematics. It generally refers to something that represents a larger idea or concept, rather than merely indicating a practical fact.
Easily confused with symbol
A symbol deliberately represents or conveys an idea, while a sign may simply indicate something, such as a road sign or a medical symptom.